Trong chuyên mục Giải đề IELTS Writing Task 2 tuần này, bạn sẽ cùng cô Khánh Huyền từ The IELTS Workshop khám phá cách xử lý đề bài về chủ đề Car dependency nhé.
1. Phân tích đề bài
1.1. Đề bài
Many people depend on their cars for everyday domestic, social and working needs. However unlimited use of cars causes a number of problems. What are some of these problems? What can be done to reduce the use of cars?
(Một số người cho rằng mục đích của giáo dục là chuẩn bị cho cá nhân trở thành người có ích cho xã hội. Những người khác lại cho rằng mục đích của giáo dục là giúp mỗi cá nhân đạt được những tham vọng và mục tiêu riêng của mình. Hãy thảo luận cả hai quan điểm và đưa ra ý kiến của bạn.)
1.2. Phân tích đề bài
Dạng bài: Problem and Solution
Xem thêm: Hướng dẫn A-Z cách cách viết Problem and Solution Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2
Từ khóa chính:
- Cars dependency & unlimited usage
- Domestic needs
- Social needs
- Working needs
- Reduce use of cars
Phân tích yêu cầu đề bài:
Với đề bài này, chúng ta cần đưa ra những vấn nạn liên quan tới việc sử dụng phương tiện cá nhân tràn làn cho nhiều mục đích khác nhau, và đưa ra những giải pháp liên quan tới điều này.
1.3. Dàn bài chi tiết
Introduction
- Lead in: private vehicles have transformed mobility and connectivity
- Introduce the topic: the excessive use of cars has ramifications on daily life
- Give outline to the essay: daily life and safety
Body paragraphs
- Problem: the prevalence of cars has obvious effects on urban environment & eventually life quality
- Clarify: car exhausts pollute the air
- Rationale 1: most cars are gas-based
- Clarify: noises from honking and engines are constant and severe
- Impact: respiratory distress, even premature deaths
- Solution 1: shift to electric cars
- Rationale: no combustion engine = no exhaust + no noise = environmentally friendly
- Counter-point 1: burden on power supply, i.e. production and delivery, also outlet
- Counter-point 2: switching to new EV creates waste, i.e. old gas-based cars are often discarded to third world country
- Problem: the normalization of car usage has reshaped city planning, focusing on speed and overlooking safety
- Clarify: cities are widespread, i.e. shops and residential buildings are few and far between, connected via freeways (instead of highways)
- Impact: pedestrians must walk a long distance, with little to no guarantee of safety
- Evidence: Florida is full of strip malls with parking lots long multi-lane, high-speed streets with few crosswalks
- Solution: urban planning to minimize the use of cars in urban centers = more sustainable and feasible
- Evidence: Barcelona
- Clarify: cities – divided into blocks where pedestrians and cyclists can freely move within & cars can navigate around the area
- Impact: reduce pollutants and noise in blocks
- Impact: pedestrian safety is guarantee, automobile travel is optimized
- Counter-point: practicable where buildings are constructed in blocks
Conclusion
- Restate: car culture neglects human safety, physically and socially
- Summarize: urban landscapes that revolves around pedestrians
- Predict/Suggest: car-centric cities must go bằng cả hai mục tiêu, nhưng phát triển cá nhân là nền tảng để tạo ra đóng góp bền vững cho xã hội.
2. Bài mẫu
Granted, the advent of automobiles has given rise to a more interconnected world where commuters can travel, and merchandise can be transported at great speed and ease; their ramifications are undeniable. This essay aims to revisit some common issues on daily life associated with the excessive use of cars before probing into how it risks human safety.
The prevalence of cars undeniably has detrimental effects on the urban environment. As most models available on the market are gas-based, their exhaust systems are directly responsible for the toxic emissions that pollute the air. However, another impact that is often neglected is noise pollution, which is a result of combustion engines and constant honking. Many urbanites consequently suffer from respiratory distress, sleep disturbance, possible hypertension, and many more health hazards that are linked to premature deaths.
Commuters have been encouraged to switch to electric cars, whose motors and batteries make virtually no exhaust and no noise. Although this shift is extolled for being environmentally friendly, it comes with other obstacles. Firstly, there would be a burden on power supply, with generation increasing to meet the demand, and infrastructures ensuring stable transmission. This leads to the next issue, which is distribution, as cities would need to supply electric vehicles with adequate charging stations. However, I would argue that the most ignored but deleterious effect of this switch is the waste. Gas-based cars are often discarded to third world countries, bringing along the aforementioned issues, contributing to the existing environmental problems there.
Neither can such solution rectify more deep-rooted and multi-faceted problems. One of them is how the normalization of car usage has reshaped city planning, focusing on speed and overlooking safety. Modern metropolitan areas are more widespread, whereas they used to be more condensed in the past. Shops and residential buildings are now scattered along freeways that have few intersections and crosswalks. This means pedestrians must walk a long distance, sometimes in harsh weather conditions, with little to no guarantee of safety. This is common in Florida, a state full of strip malls with enormous parking lots, long multi-lane streets, and sadly, also full of traffic accidents involving pedestrians.
It is perhaps more practical and sustainable to redesign cities to minimize the use of cars in city centers. Barcelona is a case study, proving the effectiveness of this approach. Being known for its grid layout, this city’s squares have now been grouped into super-blocks where commuters can freely walk and cycle within while cars can only navigate around these areas. Other than the obvious reduction in pollutants and noise in the neighborhood, pedestrian safety has also been reported. Urban planners in Philadelphia and New York could imitate or adapt this system to optimize their towns. However, those in Kolkata or Dubai could find this approach rather challenging nonetheless.
In short, car culture neglects human safety, either via direct incidents or with indirect threats. Thus, future urban landscapes should revolve around pedestrians, which could increase human interaction and eventually life quality. As for existing car-centric cities, municipal authorities must take gradual but cautious steps to nudge their residents into the same direction.
Sample 8.0 by Nguyen Khanh Huyen– IELTS Teacher at The IELTS Workshop
3. Từ vựng (Vocabulary)
- advent: sự xuất hiện, sự ra đời
- burden on: gánh nặng
- case study: nghiên cứu điển hình (điển cứu)
- commuters: người đi lại hằng ngày (đi làm, đi học)
- detrimental: có hại
- deep-rooted: ăn sâu, lâu đời
- deleterious: gây hại
- discarded: bị thải bỏ
- distribution: việc phân phối
- exhaust system: hệ thống ống xả
- extolled: được ca ngợi
- freeways: đường cao tốc lớn
- grid layout: bố cục dạng lưới
- hazards: mối nguy hiểm
- hypertension: cao huyết áp
- interconnected: liên kết chặt chẽ
- intersections: giao lộ
- urban landscapes: cảnh quan đô thị
- merchandise: hàng hóa
- multi-faceted: nhiều mặt, phức tạp
- multi-lane streets: đường nhiều làn
- navigate around: di chuyển xung quanh
- nudge (v.): thúc đẩy nhẹ, khuyến khích từ từ
- obstacles: trở ngại
- overlooking: bỏ qua
- pedestrians: người đi bộ
- premature deaths: các ca tử vong sớm
- prevalence: sự phổ biến
- probe into: điều tra, xem xét kỹ
- ramifications: hậu quả
- rectify: sửa chữa, điều chỉnh
- scattered: rải rác
- shift (n.): sự thay đổi
- strip malls: trung tâm mua sắm dạng dãy
- urban planners: nhà quy hoạch đô thị
- urbanites: cư dân thành thị
Xem thêm: Tổng hợp 30+ chủ đề từ vựng IELTS thông dụng mà bạn cần biết
Tạm kết
Hy vọng bài viết từ cô Khánh Huyền đã giúp bạn hình dung rõ cách triển khai ý cho bài IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng Problem and Solution chủ đề Car dependency một cách chặt chẽ và thuyết phục.
Nếu bạn muốn luyện tập thêm các dạng bài tương tự, đừng quên theo dõi chuyên mục [Cập nhật liên tục] Tổng hợp đề thi IELTS Writing 2026 kèm bài mẫu và Bài mẫu Writing Task 2 từ The IELTS Workshop nhé!
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