Trong quá trình ôn luyện IELTS Writing Task 2, việc tham khảo các bài mẫu là một trong những cách hiệu quả nhất để nâng cao tư duy và kỹ năng viết. Tuy nhiên, không phải ai cũng biết cách tiếp cận các bài mẫu theo từng dạng bài một cách hệ thống. Hiểu được điều đó, bài viết này của TIW sẽ tổng hợp 10+ bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 Band 9, được phân chia rõ ràng theo từng dạng bài phổ biến.
1. Tổng quan về IELTS Writing Task 2
Trong cấu trúc bài thi IELTS Academic Writing, phần thi Task 2 đóng vai trò then chốt khi chiếm đến 2/3 tổng số điểm của toàn bộ kỹ năng Viết. Đối với phần thi này, thí sinh được yêu cầu soạn thảo một bài luận với độ dài tối thiểu 250 từ trong khung thời gian 40 phút. Về bản chất, đây là thử thách kiểm tra khả năng tư duy phản biện và năng lực sử dụng ngôn ngữ học thuật để lập luận, phân tích hoặc đưa ra giải pháp cho các vấn đề xã hội.
Để đạt band điểm mục tiêu, bài viết cần đáp ứng trọn vẹn bốn tiêu chí khắt khe sau:
- Task Achievement (Đáp ứng yêu cầu đề bài): Cần giải quyết triệt để mọi khía cạnh của đề bài, tránh lạc đề.
- Coherence and Cohesion (Tính mạch lạc và liên kết): Tạo dòng chảy thông tin xuyên suốt thông qua dàn ý khoa học và chuyển ý tinh tế.
- Lexical Resource (Vốn từ vựng): Ưu tiên sự chính xác và phù hợp với ngữ cảnh học thuật thay vì sử dụng từ vựng quá phức tạp nhưng thiếu tự nhiên.
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy (Sự đa dạng và Chính xác về ngữ pháp): Sử dụng đa dạng các cấu trúc để tăng tính logic cho lập luận. Đồng thời, cần kiểm soát kỹ các lỗi cơ bản về mạo từ, danh từ và sự hòa hợp chủ ngữ – động từ để đảm bảo độ chính xác tuyệt đối.
2. Sample IELTS Writing Task 2 Band 9 theo từng dạng bài
Trong IELTS Writing Task 2, đề bài thường được phân thành 5 dạng chính, mỗi dạng yêu cầu cách tiếp cận và triển khai ý tưởng khác nhau:
- Argumentative/Opinion/Agree or Disagree Essay: Dạng bài yêu cầu thí sinh đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân và bảo vệ lập trường đó bằng lập luận thuyết phục.
- Two-Part Question Essay: Dạng bài gồm hai câu hỏi riêng biệt, yêu cầu thí sinh trả lời đầy đủ từng phần một cách rõ ràng và cân đối.
- Discussion Essay: Dạng bài yêu cầu thảo luận hai quan điểm trái chiều trước khi đưa ra ý kiến cá nhân.
- Advantages and Disadvantages Essay: Tập trung phân tích mặt lợi và mặt hại của một vấn đề hoặc xu hướng.
- Causes and Effects/Causes and Solutions/Problems and Solutions Essay: Xoay quanh việc phân tích nguyên nhân, hậu quả hoặc đề xuất giải pháp cho một vấn đề.
2.1. Dạng Argumentative/Opinion/Agree or Disagree Essay
SAMPLE 1:
| In some countries, many people suffer from health problems due to eating too much fast food. It is, therefore, necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. Do you agree or disagree? |
It is argued that governments should levy a tariff on junk food because the number of health risks associated with consuming this kind of food is on the rise. This essay agrees that a higher rate of tax should be paid by fast-food companies. Firstly, alcohol and tobacco companies already pay higher taxes; secondly, higher taxes could raise prices and lower consumption.
Higher excise on liqueur and cigarettes has proven to curb the harm caused by these substances. This revenue has been used to treat health problems associated with these products and has proven useful in advertising campaigns warning people about the dangers of alcohol and tobacco abuse. Tax from fast food could be used in the same way. The United Kingdom is a prime example, where money from smokers is used to treat lung cancer and heart disease.
Increasing taxes would raise prices and lower consumption. Fast food companies would pass on these taxes to consumers in the form of higher prices, leading to people not being able to afford junk food because it is too expensive. Junk food would soon become a luxury item, and it would only be consumed occasionally, which would be less harmful to the general public’s health. For instance, the cost of organic food has proven prohibitively expensive for most people, and that is why only a small percentage of the population buys it regularly.
In conclusion, junk food should be taxed at a higher rate because of the good precedent set by alcohol and tobacco and the fact that the increased cost should reduce the amount of fast-food people buy.
SAMPLE 2:
| Every year several languages die out. Some people think that it is not important because life will be easier if there are fewer languages in the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? |
It is argued that the annual extinction of many languages is not a problem because having just a few languages leads to a more convenient life. It is disagreed that the convenience of using just a few key languages makes the dying out of less spoken dialects acceptable. This essay will first discuss the importance of language to culture and secondly the fact that learning a few common languages is unrealistic, followed by a reasoned conclusion.
A language is not just a group of spoken words but the key to someone’s culture. Language has evolved over thousands of years to reflect what it means to be from a particular place. For example, the Irish language has one of the widest vocabularies in the world and reflects their tradition of storytelling. Despite this, English has become the first language of the Irish, as many feel it makes it easier to communicate with the world.
By speaking just a couple of languages, such as English and Chinese, you alienate billions of people throughout the world. English may be common, but it is not the ‘lingua franca’ many people think it is and it would take generations for everyone to learn it. Countries like Korea and Vietnam have been trying to adopt English as a second language for a long time, but most of their people still can’t fully grasp it. However, English has been the language of business for a long time and it should be encouraged to help a country become more economically competitive.
To conclude, commonly spoken languages may make life more straightforward, but this should not be at the expense of less prevalent languages, in order to avoid the erosion of culture and the alienation of many countries.
Xem thêm: Hướng dẫn chi tiết cách viết Writing Task 2 Agree or Disagree
2.2. Dạng Two-Part Question Essay
SAMPLE 1:
| Some people think that money is one of the most essential factors in promoting happiness. Do you think people can be happy without much money? What other factors contribute towards happiness? |
Money is considered by many people to be one of the most important contributing factors towards happiness. In my opinion, it is possible for people to be happy even if they have little money and other aspects of life can play a more vital role in creating happiness than wealth alone.
Although money allows people to afford luxuries and treats, which certainly do bring temporary enjoyment and satisfaction, a substantial number of people are happy without money. Firstly, money is no guarantee of happiness, particularly if disease or disaster feature largely in someone’s life. Secondly, as long as people have the money to cover their necessities, doing without luxury items does not negatively affect the pleasures that a good life can bring.
Another way people can gain satisfaction in their life is through their work rather than money. For instance, a doctor doing volunteer service overseas in underdeveloped countries may earn little or no money, but the reward of doing such work is profoundly rewarding. Not only that but it can be a long-term fulfilment that they carry with them through life in the form of rich memories and the knowledge of a life well-lived.
Finally, another influencing factor of contentment in life is having supportive and loving people in one’s life. While money may bring opportunities to enjoy pleasures, few people would enjoy them in isolation. Being surrounded by a loving and caring family is considered by many people to be the most valuable thing in life. This is one aspect of life that money certainly cannot buy.
In conclusion, money is not essential for happiness, which can be found through job satisfaction as well as family. If more people strived in life towards true happiness rather than money, the world would be a better place.
SAMPLE 2:
| Art is considered an important part of a society as well as an expression of its culture. Do you think it is important for children to be taught art? Do you think children should be encouraged to focus on art rather than other subjects? |
It is commonly believed that art plays a fundamental role in society as artists are able to express their thoughts and their culture in their work. In my opinion, children should definitely learn art because they can develop creativity and learn to express themselves in their art work but it should not be taught to the detriment of other subjects.
Firstly, art is an essential subject which children, especially young children, should learn in order to help promote their creativity and imagination. Without the development of imagination and creative thinking, children will struggle to grow into dynamic, individual thinkers when they reach adulthood. Furthermore, some children are particularly gifted in their creative abilities and studying art can help them nurture their talents.
Another important advantage for children when practicing art is that it provides a medium through which they can express their emotions and feelings. In other words, young children do not have the linguistic capabilities to put their ideas into language and thus communicate directly. Therefore, by using art, they are able to convey meaning through pictures and symbols. For this reason, many child psychologists often study the art work of children to gain an insight into what they think and feel.
Finally, however, regardless of how useful the study of art is for children, this should not result in more focus being placed on art rather than other subjects. Children need to have a balance of all subjects so as to facilitate a healthy development both mentally and physically. Thus, ensuring that there is a healthy balance of art, sciences, languages and physical education in the school syllabus is essential.
In conclusion, while art certainly helps a child develop creativity as well as express their thoughts, it should be taught equally alongside all other subjects. A school curriculum should offer a balance of subjects.
Xem thêm: Hướng dẫn A – Z cách làm Two part Question Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2
2.3. Dạng Discussion Essay (Discuss both views)
SAMPLE 1:
| Completing university education is thought by some to be the best way to get a good job. On the other hand, other people think that getting experience and developing soft skills is more important. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. |
Some people think that being a university graduate is the key to securing a good job, while others think experience and soft skills are better. In my opinion, I believe that the former is essential for academic jobs, while the latter are more useful in business and related industries.
On the one hand, many people think it is easy to find good employment with an undergrad degree or above because it puts people one step ahead of other applicants, and can be the deciding factor between applicants. Furthermore, certain career paths are not open to those without a higher level of education, such as jobs requiring academic or specialist knowledge, namely teachers, lecturers, doctors and lawyers. Not only that, but academia does promote the development of useful skills, not just academic knowledge, for example analytical thinking, research skills and intellectual curiosity, which are valuable transferable skills. For this reason, I believe that tertiary education offers an advantage mainly for those aiming for a professional or academic career.
On the other hand, having relevant work experience and soft skills can throw the balance in favour of the job applicant for certain types of work. For instance, for a corporate management position, having experience of managing others, running projects, delegating tasks and strong emotional intelligence is of more importance than the theory of management with no real hands-on experience when fresh out of university. Also, certain industries require interpersonal skills which can only be developed through extensive experience with people, such as in customer service, hospitality and sales. Consequently, it can be seen that tertiary education is no advantage at all in some areas.
In conclusion, I think that securing a good job requires a relevant background specific to the career or job the applicant is applying for. Some positions will require an academic background, whilst others benefit more from experience and skills.
SAMPLE 2:
| Some people think that it is better to educate boys and girls in separate schools. Others, however, believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. |
It is often argued that school children should go to single sex schools, while other would say that males and females get the most out of integrated schools. This essay will argue that despite there being some social benefits to females and males going to the same school, the academic advantages of educating them separately make it more worthwhile.
Many feel that mixing both sexes at school helps to develop social skills and makes people less awkward around the opposite sex later in life. This is especially true for males, who often find it difficult to approach and talk to women socially if they don’t get used to it first in the classroom. For example, the Sunday Times recently reported that men who did not have regular social contact with girls when they were growing up are 68% more likely to suffer from anxiety when in the company of females.
Despite the argument above, it is difficult to argue with the fact that single-sex schools consistently top examination league tables. In nearly every area of the United Kingdom, the top schools only allow boys or girls to attend and this may lead to higher grades because students can focus exclusively on their studies. Personally, I went to a school for both boys and girls and found that I had to deal with many more distractions compared to friends who attended the local boys-only college.
In conclusion, integrating the sexes can prevent social awkwardness later in life and make pupils more sociable in the company of other genders, but a school’s primary purpose is to educate and those with just one sex or the other outperform those that allow both.
Xem thêm: Hướng dẫn A-Z cách viết dạng Discuss both views – IELTS Writing Task 2
2.4. Dạng Advantages and Disadvantages Essay
SAMPLE 1:
| Many museums charge for admission while others are free. Do you think the advantages of charging people for admission to museums outweigh the disadvantages? |
Lots of museums charge a fee while others do not. This essay thinks that the benefits of charging do not outweigh the drawbacks because open access to relics and art is more important than generating money that the government should supply in any event.
The main disadvantage is that high fees exclude a large proportion of the population, especially in less developed countries. Many people in poorer countries have just enough money for food and shelter. Exhibits are one of the few cultural activities they can enjoy free of charge. For example, Egypt has millions of people living in poverty, but also a rich and ancient culture and it is therefore important that everyone gets to experience these artefacts. Another big negative is that students and children who are learning about the world may not be able to visit. It would be a huge shame if art students could not see their favourite painters or sculptor’s work in real life because their finances could not cover the cost.
Despite this, there are some who say that museums are unsustainable without the money they might get from ticket sales. They say that this allows the building to remain open and it is better that some people get to experience it, rather than none at all. To this I would say that the government should step in and cover the cost because culture is as important as anything else it spends money on. For instance, in the UK there have been huge government spending cuts over the last few years, but the museums have not had their funding reduced because of their importance to the country’s cultural heritage.
In conclusion, although some might say that places of culture should be run like a business, the cost to the education and heritage of the country is too great and they should remain free to all.
SAMPLE 2:
| The development of tourism contributed to English becoming the most prominent language in the world. Some people think this will lead to English becoming the only language to be spoken globally. What are the advantages and disadvantages to having one language in the world? |
It is thought by some people that English, which is now the most widely spoken language in the world, may one day predominate over all other languages and result in their eventual disappearance. Having one language would certainly aid understanding and economic growth but there will also be some drawbacks.
One evident benefit to having one global language is that it would enable greater understanding between countries. In other words, if everyone spoke one language, there would be complete understanding between not only countries but all people throughout the world which would promote learning, the flow of information and ideas. Another reason that one language would be advantageous is that it would help economic growth. With all people speaking the same language, there would be fewer barriers and therefore trade would flourish between countries, resulting in a healthier world economy.
On the other hand, there are obvious downsides to having only one global language. Firstly, it would mean that all other languages would eventually disappear and, along with them, their cultures. The diversity of cultures is one of the joys this world has to offer. Each culture is unique with its own way of life and own perspectives of the world which would all be lost if there were only one language. Secondly, it would result in the collapse of tourism because there would be no reason to travel for pleasure and interest if all countries had the same language and similar cultures. This would devastate many countries economically that rely on tourism as a source of income.
In conclusion, while there are plus points to having one global language, too much would be lost as a result. Maintaining local languages and cultures should be prioritised to ensure a rich world heritage for future generations.
Xem thêm: Cách viết Advantages and Disadvantages essay trong Writing Task 2
2.5. Dạng Causes and Effects/Causes and Solutions/Problems and Solutions Essay
SAMPLE 1:
| In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? |
Sample Answer:
In numerous nations, educational institutions face serious difficulties with their pupils’ conduct. This essay will suggest that poor parenting is the root cause of this phenomenon and submit that a public awareness campaign is the most viable solution, followed by a reasoned conclusion.
The principal cause of poor discipline in schools is poor discipline at home. Many mothers and fathers either do not have the time or skills to teach their youngsters the value of manners and respecting authority. This results in many young people not listening to their teachers, being rude and actively rebelling against rules and regulations. For example, a recent study by Cambridge University found that 1 in 3 teenagers would refuse to comply with a rule if they didn’t agree with it, compared to just 1 in 8 in a similar study in 1990.
The most practical solution to this problem is a government-sponsored awareness campaign. An effective advertising campaign could warn of the dangers of misbehaviour and, hopefully, raise awareness amongst the public. For example, the United Kingdom recently lobbied their citizens to teach their children about the importance of respecting teachers, which resulted in a dramatic improvement.
In summary, widespread negative behaviour in the classroom has been caused by caregivers not instilling the values of deference and civility in their offspring; however, this can be tackled through a public education programme that promotes these values. It is also recommended that people should attend parenting classes before their child starts kindergarten.
SAMPLE 2:
| Many offenders commit more crimes after serving their first punishment. Why is this happening, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem? |
Sample Answer:
A large number of criminals who serve their first prison sentence, leave prison only to reoffend. This is mainly because of the lack of rehabilitation and difficulty finding regular employment once released. There are a number of solutions which should be implemented to deal with criminals who reoffend.
Firstly, the reason for most first-time offenders committing crimes again, once they have been released from prison, is due to the lack of rehabilitation whilst in prison. In other words, offenders are not given a chance to retrain and learn new skills for their future or develop a deeper understanding of correct moral behaviour and instead mix with other criminals, which only strengthens their criminal intentions. Secondly, repeat offending is also owing to the difficulty in finding employment after being released. As a result, many of them struggle financially which leads them back to crime, regardless of the consequences.
There are two effective solutions to the problem of repeat offenders. One way to tackle this is to ensure that all criminals entering prison are given the chance to retrain with useful skills which will hopefully ensure them a job after they have served their sentence. By doing this, it will help them reintegrate back into society and give them some means of supporting themselves financially. Another method of dealing with criminals who reoffend is to have more supervision and checks in place when they are back in society. This solution would hopefully prevent them from taking any chances and deter them from reoffending because they are being so closely watched.
In conclusion, regardless of the reasons for reoffending, having skills training and education in prison as well as closer observation for newly released offenders can be effective in preventing criminals from committing crimes again.
Xem thêm: Hướng dẫn A – Z cách làm Cause and Effect Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2
Tạm kết
Hy vọng rằng những bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 Band 9 được tổng hợp theo từng dạng bài trong bài viết này sẽ giúp bạn có cái nhìn rõ ràng hơn về cách triển khai ý tưởng, sử dụng từ vựng và xây dựng lập luận hiệu quả. Hãy luyện tập thường xuyên và kết hợp phân tích kỹ các bài mẫu để từng bước nâng cao kỹ năng Writing một cách bền vững.
Để nâng cao kỹ năng làm bài, bạn có thể tham khảo thêm [Ebook] Tổng hợp 50 bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1 & 2 (Band 7.0+). Tài liệu sẽ giúp bạn làm quen với các dạng đề phổ biến, học cách triển khai ý tưởng logic và tích lũy thêm nhiều từ vựng học thuật hữu ích.
Bên cạnh đó, đừng bỏ lỡ khoá học IELTS miễn phí trên website của The IELTS Workshop. Tại đây, bạn sẽ được các thầy cô đạt 9.0 IELTS hướng dẫn chi tiết phương pháp xử lý từng dạng bài Writing, giúp việc ôn luyện trở nên hiệu quả và có định hướng hơn.
